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Showing posts with label <b>Canadian Poetry</b>. <a href="https://writing.upenn.edu/epc/mirrors/ronsilliman.blogspot.com/">Show all posts</a>
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<h2 class='date-header'><span>Friday, November 01, 2002</span></h2>

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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'>A correspondence rather in
the <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Open Letter</i> tradition on the
&#8220;Canadian/New York School Question&#8221; has sprung up. <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'>Tom Orange:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>ron/<span
class=SpellE>louis</span></span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>very</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> interesting exchange on the absence
of <span class=SpellE>ted</span> <span class=SpellE>berrigan</span> and the NYS
in <span class=SpellE>canadian</span> poetry.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>reminds</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> me of a thread that came up on a
discussion list stemming from remarks <span class=SpellE>christian</span> <span
class=SpellE>b<span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ö</span>k</span>
made a few summers ago when he and <span class=SpellE>natalee</span> <span
class=SpellE>caple</span> were in town and <span class=SpellE>i</span> put
together a reading for them. <span class=GramE>amidst</span> the post- reading
chit chat <span class=SpellE>christian</span> claimed not to have much
knowledge or interest in recent work by <span class=SpellE>american</span>
contemporaries like <span class=SpellE>lisa</span> <span class=SpellE>jarnot</span>
or <span class=SpellE>anselm</span> <span class=SpellE>berrigan</span> that <span
class=SpellE>problematizes</span> the idea of &quot;lyric voice&quot; in their
own interesting ways. some folks here found that claim to be problematic,
whereas <span class=SpellE>i</span> insisted that while we here may hold <span
class=SpellE>lisa</span> and <span class=SpellE>anselm</span> in a certain
position of esteem there's no reason to assume that <span class=SpellE>christian</span>
is working in a similar position or with a similar set of values -- both <span
class=SpellE>lisa</span> and <span class=SpellE>anselm</span> can be seen in
fact coming out of a NAP tradition that someone like <span class=SpellE>christian</span>
would have very affinity with or use for. <span class=GramE>additionally</span>,
there's the very real matter of the distribution of small press poetry from the
states to </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span class=SpellE><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>canada</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>: <span class=SpellE>i</span> can
say from experience that without SPD or bridge street mail order it's very
difficult and costly to get small press poetry from the states in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span
  class=SpellE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>canada</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>, literally get the books let alone
follow what's coming out.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>(<span class=GramE>along</span>
these latter lines, it strikes me that one book in the <span class=SpellE>ted</span>
<span class=SpellE>berrigan</span> bibliography that would have had the best
distribution opportunities in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span
  class=SpellE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>canada</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> <span class=SpellE>wdve</span> been
the grove press sonnets.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>so</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> <span class=SpellE>louis</span>'
initial responses aren't all that surprising to me. <span class=GramE>and</span>
<span class=SpellE>i</span> think the formula &quot;<span class=SpellE>canpo</span>
= NAP - NYS&quot; is interesting as a thought- experiment (and <span
class=SpellE>i'd</span> have to think more about <span class=SpellE>louis</span>'
compelling notions of &quot;second-order commodification&quot; and
metalanguage), but what it gains in immediate intrigue is lost almost as soon
as you get into particulars.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>to</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> me, the particular figure absent
from these discussions of absences, a presence that might be seen filling the
NYS/<span class=SpellE>berrigan</span> absence, is bill <span class=SpellE>bissett</span>.
born in 1939 (same year as <span class=SpellE>coolidge</span>, two years before
<span class=SpellE>grenier</span>, three before <span class=SpellE>padgett</span>
and <span class=SpellE>greenwald</span>) in <span class=SpellE>halifax</span>, <span
class=SpellE>bissett</span> left the <span class=SpellE>maritimes</span> for <span
class=SpellE>vancouver</span> and ran <span class=SpellE>blewointment</span>
press from there, though also kept close ties in terms of publishing poetics
and friendship with the <span class=SpellE>toronto</span> scene. his work seems
to me to combine the countercultural <span class=SpellE>hipness</span> and
attention to dailiness of <span class=SpellE>berrigan</span> with a black
mountain poetics of speech (more <span class=SpellE>duncan's</span> than anyone
else, tho you'd have to substitute <span class=SpellE>duncan's</span> <span
class=SpellE>gnostic</span>/heretic mysticism for a kind of free-love pantheism)
taken to an orthographic extreme that bleeds directly into the concrete,
visual, sound and performance work of the four horseman.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>he</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> thus <span class=SpellE>problematizes</span>
coastal alignments (<span class=SpellE>toronto-vancouver</span> being
homologous, in a pretty loose sense and again with substantial qualifications,
to NYC-SF), generations, schools/lineages, and issues of voice, speech and text
in ways that are compelling and utterly unique in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span
  class=SpellE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>canada</span></span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'> or the states. <span class=GramE>and</span>
in ways that make me wish <span class=SpellE>bissett</span> had a greater
readership in the states.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:
"Courier New"'>allbests</span></span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:
"Courier New"'>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>t</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>*<span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE><span style='font-family:Arial'>Loui</span></span><span
style='font-family:Arial'> Cabri:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Tom,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>For now let me just say, in
relation to bill <span class=SpellE>bissett</span>, whom you raise as a
potential example in Canada of NYS influence, that there&#8217;s no denying the
idiosyncratic and wide-ranging reading lists of individual poets, and the many
influences discernible on their work (so for example in the case of <span
class=SpellE>bissett</span>, NYS may be one of them); but that to me is beside
the point of how to understand the relation of influence, context, and
socially-constituted metalanguage formations such as KSW, TRG &#8211; and NYS itself
(a name obtains at least to a <i>degree </i>of <span class=SpellE>metalingual</span>
function). It really comes down to this for me: If you&#8217;re in Calgary,
Vancouver, Toronto, whatever, why would you care at all about the poetic
expressions of any other city&#8217;s &#8220;lifestyle,&#8221; unless you were a tourist <span
class=SpellE><i>flaneur</i></span>, especially an expression that is at times
(to focus only on the critical for a moment) as self-involved (the word
&#8220;American&#8221; in one of my emails to Ron should have been in quotes), gloriously
vain and willfully naive as poetry from the &#8220;school&#8221; of the City of New York
can be?* What saves NYS from such a critical dismissal is the function of the
social in its work (but &#8220;NYS social&#8221; provides, also, its own unique limit). So
much of what is great about NYS is the coterie feel, address to friends. Who
does it worse than NYS? Who does it better than NYS? <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>You can make it
anytime.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Words,
sentences.</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> Suffering<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Is not where it&#8217;s
at, in <span class=GramE>1969.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Now,
the heart.</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> <span
class=GramE>A breath.</span> <span class=GramE>Holding back.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Is it necessary to
spend long periods of time alone?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Dear friends: you
have all been very good to me.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>How
to remain in 1 place for more than a few minutes.</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Bill is snoring.
It&#8217;s 6 in the morning.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Reading to learn
to enjoy <span class=GramE>yourself</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Please stay where
you are at all times.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>What you do is draw
everything together, Ted.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Reveal the dark
side &amp; the bright side too. </span><st1:PersonName><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
 10.0pt'>Don</span></st1:PersonName><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>&#8217;t<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span><span class=GramE>be</span> afraid
to reveal what you&#8217;re feeling.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Ron, it&#8217;s a good
time to be leaving </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
  10.0pt'>New York</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>It&#8217;s more
difficult not to change than to change.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>The problem
thinking of you, Anne, is <i>who</i> am<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span><span class=GramE>I thinking of?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>----------------is
thinking this?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>That spells &#8220;Release&#8221; from Lewis
Warsh&#8217;s <i>Part of My History</i> (Coach House, 1972) found the other month
here in </span><st1:City><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Calgary</span></st1:place></st1:City><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> at one used bookstore for $10 and at another
$20.</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>You don&#8217;t get that kind of
enacted and taken-for-granted social address to intimates in <span
class=SpellE>bissett</span> &#8211; instead you get the stretched, still somewhat
formalized, &#8220;I,&#8221; and the political concerns, of NAP. It&#8217;s indeed a great
&#8220;American&#8221; thing, <span class=SpellE>NYS&#8217;s</span> idea of a democratized
coterie (compared to previous European notions of the salon), and is absent up
north in part because of the, now I&#8217;m ranting, &amp;%!!@#! British influence
that <span class=SpellE>NAPoets</span> <span class=SpellE>Davey</span> et al
griped about and that is still prevalent in public media (CBC announcers are
still too frequently British accented, uniformly &#8211; sort of like a series of CBC
regional antennae &#8211; across the country). <span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>bissett</span></span>
is great for reasons separate from the question of NYS.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Instead, in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Canada</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> the social is <i>represented</i> as a
&#8220;concern.&#8221; Charles <span class=SpellE>Reznikoff&#8217;s</span> techniques of
manipulating a historical document is affiliated with a long-standing
documentary genre in Canada, and is evident most recently for example in Kevin
Connolly&#8217;s title poem in <span class=SpellE><i>Happyland</i></span> (ECW,
2002), which was &#8220;very pointedly inspired by Hilton <span class=SpellE>Obenzinger&#8217;s</span>
<i>New York on Fire</i> (The Real Comet Press, 1989)&#8221; and &#8220;published a year
before the East Tremont fire,&#8221; which the poem is about, &#8220;modeled on a Roman
Catholic <span class=SpellE><i>novenario</i></span>, a nine-day period of
prayer preceding an anniversary mass&#8221;: <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>IX<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&#160; </span>STICKS</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>In another city
they might have<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>bulldozed</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> it into the ground.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>But this is </span><st1:State><st1:place><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>New York</span></st1:place></st1:State><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>the</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> building is still sound,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>and</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> the loft craze may yet wind<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>its</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> way through the </span><st1:place><span
 style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Bronx</span></st1:place><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>to</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> Southern and East Tremont,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>where</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> the Hondurans used to <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>dance</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> to Los <span class=SpellE>Gaetos</span>
Bravos,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Tito Puente and
the <span class=SpellE>Garifuna</span> Kids,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>and</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> blue sky about home.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>At <span
class=SpellE>Happyland</span> the single door<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>remains</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> boarded, the sign<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>that</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> smiled over the bodies,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>shoulder</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> to shoulder, taken down<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>the</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> day after, the irony<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>lost</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> on no one, and with everything<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>else</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, too much to take.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>There&#8217;s even a
memorial,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>though</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> rarely flowers &#8211; most<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>of</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> the families went home <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>after</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> the settlement in &#8217;95.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>It&#8217;s ringed by a
high fence,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>the</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> names etched<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>onto</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> a concrete obelisk:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Alvarez, Denny;
Alvarez, Hector;<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Alvarez, Jose; Benavides,
Victor&#8230;</span></i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>From a distance,
they resemble<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>sticks</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, or the strokes made by sticks<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>to</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> stand for numbers:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Castro, <span
class=SpellE>Janeta</span>; Chavez, Carla;<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><st1:City><st1:place><i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
  10.0pt'>Colon</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'>, Elias</span></i><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> &#8211; not
frightening in<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>themselves</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, just rows of names<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>with</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> a memory looming over them, <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>an</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> item list, in inverse order:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>obelisk</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, fence, street,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>sidewalk</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, threshold, boarded<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>door</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>, hallway, stairwell,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span class=GramE><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>grave</span></span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Addressing the social in this
poem involves structuring and setting a narrative scene. The &#8220;item list&#8221; of
nine narrative elements mirrors the nine sections of the poem &#8211; sections which
are also structurally presented in reverse order, beginning with section IX and
working forwards to section I. The address to the names mentioned in the poem
is necessarily moot. The narrator&#8217;s knowledge is not owned by any particular
person &#8211; who knows &#8220;where the Hondurans used to / dance&#8221;? (The narrator of <i>City
Confidential </i>would claim to know...) The implicit and very modest social
critique of </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>New
  York</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>
finance capital in Connolly&#8217;s poem is nevertheless derived from a traditional
metalanguage of what constitutes &#8220;a social address.&#8221; This metalanguage is not,
however, reflexively tied into a <i>specific poetics</i> at the level of form,
and the reason is because of a Canadian understanding of &#8220;the social.&#8221; <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>That
is, I want to convey a sense of how the divide between Warsh and Connolly on
the question of how to address the social, and on what scale (from intimate, to
omniscient, narrator), is historically shaped by the border. <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>The
only poetic good thing that ever came from Britain to Canada before WWII is
socialism in its 30s variant in the work of Earle <span class=SpellE>Birney</span>
and a few others connected with the formation (by many Europeans) of the CCF,
with a Trotskyist critique of Stalin, and eventually the NDP (these three
elements are related). But their poetry &#8211; the tradition that Connolly is
tapping &#8211; is, for all that attention to social address, either direly
ornamental in an uninterestingly clarified sense, or else unabashedly
conventional in its use of (well-crafted) dramatic narration. That very British
influence of the social as in socialism (as distinct from idealist German
socialism which prevailed more extensively in the US) prevented modernism from
ever establishing itself in Canadian poetry except as decorative stylization
(that belated decorativeness, as in F.R. Scott&#8217;s imagism, a sign of the
important function that <span class=SpellE>Cdn</span>. poetics plays as
metalanguage clearinghouse &#8211; in critical terms, part of its colonial heritage).
There is no equivalent here of &#8220;the </span><st1:State><st1:place><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>New York</span></st1:place></st1:State><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> intellectuals&#8221; &#8211; the closest you get to <i>Partisan
Review </i>is </span><st1:City><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Montreal</span></st1:place></st1:City><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>&#8217;s <i>Canadian Forum</i>, and that&#8217;s a
stretch (I mean there is no endorsement whatsoever of &#8220;revolution&#8221; in form:
socialism actually existed in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span
  style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Canada</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'> as a social program, and had a tempering
effect on word-world homologies).<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Circling back to the question I
started with, idiosyncratic reading lists and habits, I do think I only read
Berrigan in the 90s, and with some difficulty. Ashbery however was one of my
first great motivating interests in poetry. I read all of Ashbery right through
to his early eighties work, including <i>The Tennis Court Oath </i>and <i>Three
Poems</i>, the aforementioned having a tremendous impact on me concerning what
poetry could be (as did the devastatingly hilarious spoof in <i>A Nest of
Ninnies </i>concerning &#8220;Canadian heritage&#8221;) &#8211; well before I had ever heard of
Language Poetry. Actually I did not think of Ashbery as a &#8220;New York School
Poet,&#8221; but read him within the Canadian English/French bicultural divide as
someone who, like Hamburger&#8217;s translated anthology of surrealist poetry, was
reawakening the France-French traditions of <span class=SpellE>Artaud</span>, <span
class=SpellE>Roussel</span> and others, including the Surrealists (I was
reading these French traditions well before hearing of McCaffery or Nichol).<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>As to the worldly Christian Bök
and his Toronto <span class=SpellE>Oulipoian</span> cohorts, aside from the
connection they extend in their work to conceptual art (via McCaffery, Fluxus,
etc), their <i>poetic </i>word is stridently a-social. The social is neither
enacted &#8220;NYS style,&#8221; nor represented &#8220;<span class=SpellE>Cdn</span> style.&#8221; The
social as such has been <span class=SpellE>Haussmannized</span> (Brecht
considered &quot;asocial&quot; far worse than &quot;antisocial&quot;) through
their avid absorption in &#8220;the new medium&#8221; of internet computer forms. That
distinctly a-social word results again, to me, from the <span class=SpellE>metalingual</span>
inter-border role of Canadian poetics, which can often reduce the social
complexity of differing tendencies to their most essential (unreal) terms with
success (for example, the role of <span class=SpellE>Oulipo</span> in the
literary history of France: there, <span class=SpellE>Oulipo</span> was
arguably intended to subvert the role of author as genius, but here, Bök&#8217;s
reception in particular has been largely in terms of his genius for conceiving
a project such as <i>Eunoia </i>and for his seven-year steadfastness at
scratching its numbers). A precedent I can think of for the a-social poetic word
of the Toronto <span class=SpellE>boysy</span> boys is found in what I call the
&#8220;inertial word&#8221; of Zukofsky&#8217;s index (largely of nouns) to <i>&#8221;A&#8221;</i> and these
words&#8217; roles in the book.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Louis<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>cc Ron, Kevin<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>* Why NYS caught-on in other
areas of the </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
  10.0pt'>US</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'> is another question entirely &#8211; and worth exploring. Is that wildfire a
form of </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
  10.0pt'>US</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'> regionalism (regionalism needs to operate within a proud national
frame)?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>*<span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'>Kevin Davies:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>I offer here
only the abstract-with-footnotes of the argument I would make if I had more
time, primary materials, and brain cells:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>* The first
two generations of the </span><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span style='color:
  black'>New York</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='color:black'> </span><st1:PlaceType><span
  style='color:black'>School</span></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><span
style='color:black'> (I will argue another time about why I believe there are
_only_ two) have had significant and widespread effects on vanguard Canadian
poetry of the past forty years. * These effects are unlikely to be registered
at the level of the archive, present-day scholarship, or institutional
formation, for reasons that have a lot to do with the nature of the NYS itself.
* Only one Canadian poet -- David McFadden(1) -- is unimaginable without the
existence of the G1 NYS, but several other poets -- Artie Gold, for instance --
and at least one local formation -- the <span class=SpellE>Vehicule</span>
(sp.?) poets of (Anglo) </span><st1:City><st1:place><span style='color:black'>Montreal</span></st1:place></st1:City><span
style='color:black'> - were decisively &quot;influenced&quot; by both
generations. (I hesitate to use the &quot;I&quot; word for reasons that should
be apparent to all of us.) * Though often difficult to disentangle from the
various strands of projectivist, SF Renaissance, Beat, (latterly) Langpo, and
other forces at play, the work of poets as diverse as </span><st1:PersonName><span
 style='color:black'>George Bowering</span></st1:PersonName><span
style='color:black'>, Victor Coleman, Christopher Dewdney, Robert <span
class=SpellE>Fones</span><span class=GramE>,(</span>2) Gerry Gilbert, Alan
Davies, Dorothy Lusk Trujillo, Erin <span class=SpellE>Mouré</span>, Peter <span
class=SpellE>Culley</span>, Lisa Robertson, and Stephen Cain shows unmistakable
markers (stylistic and otherwise) of decisive engagements with the poetry and
(implicit) poetics of the NYS. * While I agree that the work of <span
class=SpellE>bpNichol</span> and </span><st1:PersonName><span style='color:
 black'>Steve McCaffery</span></st1:PersonName><span style='color:black'> can,
for the most part, be coherently related only to the <span class=SpellE>Oulipolian</span>
fringe/extension of NYS practice,(3) two things need to be noted: -1- the
collaborative ethos of their early work has clear precedent in the well-known
collaborations of the NYS, and -2- the extreme <span class=SpellE>radicality</span>
of _The Tennis Court Oath_ had a powerful influence on the entire
English-language avant-garde, and its surface dynamics can be seen in the work
of both poets, particularly McCaffery. * Canada, despite being the most
urbanized country in the world, is a land of hicks (takes one to know one), and
any &quot;influence&quot; of the pseudo-cosmopolitan NYS is likely to be sifted
through a hick filter that will obscure its provenance, though it is no less
real for all that. * Two poets -- Paul Blackburn and Clark Coolidge -- need to
have their positions in relation to the G2 NYS refigured, and when this
refiguring is effected the lines of (if not influence, then) relation will
highlight different relations to <span class=SpellE>Canpo</span>. * Finally,
the poets of NYS, particularly O'Hara, Ashbery, Berrigan, and Mayer, were
crucial to the emerging poetry and poetics of _all_ the older
members/associates of the Kootenay School of Writing, and their influence
(there, I said it without scare quotes) cannot be importantly distinguished
from that of early(<span class=SpellE>ish</span>) langpo<span class=GramE>.(</span>4)<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>_______<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>(1) I don't
mean to imply that David McFadden would not be a poet without the NYS. He would.
His major influences would have been Al Purdy and Irving Layton. He would have
hanged himself at the age of 37.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>(2) <span
class=SpellE>Fones</span> is, I believe, no longer active in poetry, devoting
his <span class=SpellE>labours</span> instead to visual art. He was a major
poet of the 70s.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>(3) At least
glimpsed in, for instance, <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Locus <span
class=SpellE>Solus</span></i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>(4) Mayer, of
course, &quot;invented language poetry.&quot; I'll leave her claim alone for
now. In my own case, Berrigan was crucial to my education. The first thing of
his I read, in the year after high school (while working desultorily at the
local mill), was &quot;Tambourine Life,&quot; in an anthology at the local
community-college library. This event was, I think, similar to what Ron
describes when he first encountered <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>The
Desert Music</i>: the sense that there was a writing practice that could
account for the vagaries and particulars of the life I was living, one that was
not tied to the prosody of either the Romantics I adored or the academics I
abhorred. Not long after, Peter <span class=SpellE>Culley</span> was writing a
long series of &quot;Things to Do in [</span><st1:City><st1:place><span
  style='color:black'>Nanaimo</span></st1:place></st1:City><span
style='color:black'>, </span><st1:City><st1:place><span style='color:black'>Kabul</span></st1:place></st1:City><span
style='color:black'>, etc.)&quot; poems, Gerald <span class=SpellE>Creede</span>
was poring over Mayer's <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Studying Hunger</i>
and insisting that everyone else do the same, and Dorothy Trujillo was reading
everything.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>*<span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </span>*</p>

<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:Arial'>Louis Cabri</span></st1:PersonName><span
style='font-family:Arial'>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>McFadden, of course!
I knew there was somebody major overlooked (had thought the other year of
pairing McFadden with Luoma, in a <span class=SpellE>PhillyTalk</span>).
Already knew, though, I had a myopic view on Canadian poetry: Gold, <span
class=SpellE>Fones</span> (as poet) I, the hick, don't know. Are you thinking of
<span class=SpellE>Moure's</span> early work, Empire York Street, and Wanted
Alive, for instance? All my books are in boxes in Philly, frustratingly, and
it's been a long time since I looked at a <span class=SpellE>Vehicule</span>
book, but I remember them as performance group orientated. On the rest, would
love to read now, including your own work, in view of these questions of NYS
influence and of metalanguage. Pause Button already makes more sense just
thinking about it from this angle (the social <span class=SpellE>porousness</span>
of the &quot;I&quot;). But &quot;influence&quot; is such a bugbear! In my case,
no greater set of poets than the Language Ps has &quot;influenced&quot;
&quot;me&quot; -- but can or should one &quot;tell&quot; this in the book?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:black'>Louis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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